49 tools
Chemistry
Concentrations, dilutions, gas laws, pH and buffers, reaction yields and rates, each one stating the law it comes from.
Tools in this category
- ChemistrySolution Dilution Calculator (C₁V₁ = C₂V₂)Volume of stock solution needed to make a given volume at a lower concentration.
- ChemistryMolar Mass CalculatorType a chemical formula and get its molar mass, with a breakdown of what it is made of.
- ChemistryPercent Yield CalculatorReaction yield as a percentage of the theoretical maximum, with the loss and the moles involved.
- ChemistrySoap Lye Calculator (Sodium Hydroxide for Cold Process Soap)Grams of sodium hydroxide and water for a batch of cold-process soap from the weight and saponification value of each oil, the superfat and the water ratio.
- ChemistryTitration CalculatorUnknown concentration from a titration, plus the moles and the mass of analyte in the sample.
- ChemistryPPM Concentration CalculatorParts per million converted to mg/L, percent, ppb, total mass and molarity.
- ChemistryLimiting Reagent CalculatorWhich of two reagents runs out first, how much of the other is left over, and how far the reaction goes.
- ChemistryMass Percent Concentration CalculatorPercent by mass of a solution, converted to grams per litre, molarity and parts per million.
- ChemistryHenderson-Hasselbalch Buffer CalculatorpH of a buffer from its pKa and the ratio of conjugate base to weak acid.
- ChemistryPool Chemical Dosing Calculator (Alkalinity, Calcium Hardness, Stabiliser)How much sodium bicarbonate, calcium chloride or cyanuric acid to add to raise a pool's alkalinity, calcium hardness or stabiliser from today's reading to the one you want.
- ChemistryWater Hardness Calculator (mg/L, °dH, °f, °Clark, gpg)Total hardness of tap water from its calcium and magnesium, in mg/L of CaCO₃ and in German, French, English and American degrees, with its class.
- ChemistryCombined Gas Law CalculatorNew volume of a fixed amount of gas after a change of pressure and temperature, with the ratio and the moles present.
- ChemistryFreezing Point Depression CalculatorHow far a dissolved substance lowers the freezing point of a solvent.
- ChemistryMolality CalculatorMoles of solute per kilogram of solvent, with the mole fraction and mass percent.
- ChemistryBeer-Lambert Law CalculatorAbsorbance from concentration and path length, the transmittance it corresponds to, and the concentration giving A = 1.
- ChemistryMolarity CalculatorMolar concentration of a solution from the mass of solute, its molar mass and the volume.
- ChemistryOsmotic Pressure CalculatorOsmotic pressure of a solution in kilopascals, atmospheres and bar, with its osmolarity.
- ChemistryBoiling Point Elevation CalculatorHow far a dissolved substance raises the boiling point of a solvent.
- ChemistryFirst-Order Kinetics CalculatorConcentration remaining after a given time, the half-life and the time to reach 90 % conversion.
- ChemistryLangelier Saturation Index Calculator (Pool and Water Balance)Whether pool or tap water will dissolve metal and plaster or leave limescale, from pH, temperature, dissolved solids, calcium hardness and alkalinity.
- ChemistrypH CalculatorpH and pOH from the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution.
- ChemistryPriming Sugar Calculator (Bottle Carbonation for Beer and Cider)Grams of sugar to add to a batch before bottling to reach a target carbonation, from the volume, the fermentation temperature and the type of sugar.
- ChemistryArrhenius Equation CalculatorRate constant at two temperatures, how much faster the reaction gets, and the ten-degree factor.
- ChemistryFaraday Electrolysis CalculatorMass deposited or dissolved by a current over time, with the charge passed and the moles involved.
- ChemistryNernst Equation CalculatorCell potential away from standard conditions, the slope per decade, the Gibbs energy and the equilibrium constant.
- ChemistryAtom Economy CalculatorAtom economy of a reaction, the fraction lost to by-products, the reaction mass efficiency and the E factor.
- ChemistryCentrifuge RCF to RPM Calculator (g-Force)Relative centrifugal force in × g for a given rotor speed and radius, and the rpm needed to reach a protocol's g-force on your rotor.
- ChemistryGibbs Free Energy CalculatorGibbs free energy change, equilibrium constant and crossover temperature from enthalpy and entropy changes.
- ChemistryConcentrated Acid Molarity Calculator (HCl, H₂SO₄, HNO₃ Stock Solutions)Molarity of a concentrated acid or other stock solution from its percentage and density, and how much of it to measure out to make a dilute solution.
- ChemistryWeak Acid pH CalculatorpH of a solution of a weak acid such as acetic, citric or formic acid from its pKa and concentration, solved exactly rather than by the usual shortcut.
- ChemistryGraham's Law of Effusion CalculatorHow many times faster one gas escapes through a tiny hole than another, from their molar masses, and how long the second gas takes for the same amount.
- ChemistrySerial Dilution CalculatorFinal concentration after a series of equal dilution steps, with the dilution factor and log reduction.
- ChemistryBuffer Preparation Calculator (Henderson-Hasselbalch, Grams to Weigh Out)The ratio of conjugate base to acid for a target pH, and the moles and grams of each to weigh out for a given volume and total concentration.
- ChemistryClausius–Clapeyron Calculator (Vapour Pressure and Boiling Point)Vapour pressure of a liquid at another temperature, and its boiling point at another pressure, from one known point and the enthalpy of vaporisation.
- ChemistryHenry's Law Calculator (Dissolved Gas, Fizzy Drinks, Aquariums)Amount of gas dissolved in a liquid at a given pressure from Henry's constant, and how much comes out when the pressure drops, as when a bottle is opened.
- ChemistryReaction Order Calculator (Method of Initial Rates)Order of a reaction with respect to one reactant from two experiments with different starting concentrations, plus the rate constant and the predicted rate at another concentration.
- ChemistryChromatography Resolution Calculator (Rs, Plate Number, Retention Factor)Resolution between two chromatographic peaks, with the plate number, plate height, retention factor and selectivity, from retention times and base widths.
- ChemistryIonic Strength and Activity Coefficient Calculator (Debye–Hückel, Davies)Ionic strength of a solution from its ions' concentrations and charges, the activity coefficient of an ion by the limiting law and the Davies equation, and the Debye length.
- ChemistryKp to Kc Conversion Calculator (Equilibrium Constants of Gas Reactions)Converts the equilibrium constant of a gas reaction between concentration form Kc and pressure form Kp for a given temperature and change in moles of gas.
- ChemistryMolar Solubility from Ksp CalculatorMolar solubility and grams per litre of a sparingly soluble salt from its solubility product, for any formula AxBy.
- ChemistryRydberg Equation CalculatorWavelength, frequency and photon energy of a hydrogen emission line from the two energy levels involved.
- ChemistryMole and Particle ConverterConvert moles, millimoles, micromoles and numbers of atoms or molecules.
- ChemistryVan der Waals Equation CalculatorPressure of a real gas from the Van der Waals equation, compared with the ideal gas value.
- ChemistryBragg's Law CalculatorDiffraction angle from lattice spacing, wavelength and order, plus the 2-theta value read off a diffractometer.
- ChemistryDegree of Unsaturation Calculator (Double Bond Equivalents)Number of rings plus double bonds (and twice the triple bonds) in an organic molecule from its molecular formula.
- ChemistryRaoult's Law Calculator (Vapour Pressure of a Mixture)Vapour pressure of an ideal mixture of two liquids and the composition of the vapour above it, from the mole fraction and the pure vapour pressures.
- ChemistrySecond-Order Reaction Kinetics CalculatorConcentration left after a given time in a second-order reaction, its half-life and the time to reach 90 % conversion.
- ChemistryAntoine Equation Vapour Pressure CalculatorVapour pressure of a liquid at a given temperature from its Antoine constants, in mmHg, kPa and bar.
- ChemistryAtomic Energy Unit ConverterConvert hartree, electronvolt, rydberg, kJ/mol, kcal/mol and wavenumbers.