72 tools
Mechanics
Force, torque, rotation, gear ratios, belt speed, stress and the mechanical calculations used on the shop floor.
Tools in this category
- MechanicsTorque CalculatorTorque from a force applied at a distance, in N·m, kgf·m and lbf·ft.
- MechanicsForce Calculator (F = m·a)Force from mass and acceleration, plus the weight of that mass under standard gravity.
- MechanicsMechanical Power from Torque and SpeedShaft power in watts, kW and horsepower from torque and rotational speed.
- MechanicsGear Ratio CalculatorGear ratio, output speed and output torque from the number of teeth on each gear.
- MechanicsStress CalculatorDirect stress from a force acting on a cross-section, in MPa, psi and kgf/cm².
- MechanicsCutting Speed and RPM CalculatorConvert between surface cutting speed and spindle speed for a given tool or workpiece diameter.
- MechanicsPulley Speed CalculatorDriven pulley speed, drive ratio and belt linear speed from two pulley diameters.
- MechanicsBolt Tightening Torque CalculatorTightening torque needed to reach a target bolt preload, using the nut-factor method.
- MechanicsMaterial Weight CalculatorWeight of a rectangular bar or plate, with weight per metre and per square metre.
- MechanicsHydraulic Cylinder Force CalculatorPush and pull force of a hydraulic cylinder from bore, rod diameter and working pressure.
- MechanicsTapping Drill Size CalculatorDrill diameter for a metric thread at a chosen engagement, plus the clearance and pitch diameters.
- MechanicsBeam Deflection CalculatorSag of a simply supported beam with a central point load, and the span-to-deflection ratio.
- MechanicsBelt Length CalculatorApproximate belt length and wrap angle on the small pulley from two diameters and centre distance.
- MechanicsElastic Elongation CalculatorHow much a bar stretches under load, with the resulting strain and stress.
- MechanicsMachining Feed Rate CalculatorTable feed in mm/min from spindle speed, feed per tooth and number of teeth.
- MechanicsLever CalculatorOutput force and mechanical advantage of a lever from the two arm lengths.
- MechanicsBearing Life (L10) CalculatorBasic rating life of a rolling bearing in hours, revolutions and years of continuous running.
- MechanicsSling Angle Load CalculatorTension in each sling leg at a given angle from vertical, with the angle factor and the sideways pull.
- MechanicsSpring Rate CalculatorSpring stiffness in N/m and N/mm from a known force and deflection, with the stored energy.
- MechanicsShaft Torsion Stress CalculatorShear stress and section modulus of a solid round shaft under torque.
- MechanicsEuler Buckling Load CalculatorCritical buckling load of a column, with the stress at that load and the slenderness ratio.
- MechanicsGear Module and Centre Distance CalculatorPitch diameter, outside diameter, circular pitch and the centre distance of a gear pair.
- MechanicsPump and Fan Affinity Laws CalculatorFlow, head and power at a new speed, with the power saved and what that saves in a year.
- MechanicsSecond Moment of Area CalculatorI and W for a solid rectangular section and a solid round section.
- MechanicsCentrifugal Force CalculatorForce on a rotating mass, in newtons, kilogram-force and g.
- MechanicsHelical Compression Spring CalculatorSpring rate, deflection under load, spring index, Wahl factor and the corrected shear stress.
- MechanicsHydraulic Pump Flow CalculatorFlow delivered by a pump and the drive power it needs at a working pressure.
- MechanicsStepper Motor Steps per mm Calculator (3D Printers and CNC)Steps per millimetre for a belt or lead-screw axis, the distance per step and the top speed your controller's step rate allows.
- MechanicsSheet Metal Bend Allowance CalculatorBend allowance and total flat length for a sheet metal part before folding.
- MechanicsFillet Weld Size CalculatorThroat and leg size a fillet weld needs for a load, and the capacity of a weld you already have.
- MechanicsNPSH Available CalculatorNet positive suction head available at a pump, the margin over what it requires, and the highest suction lift it allows.
- MechanicsTolerance Stack-Up Calculator (Worst Case and RSS)Nominal gap and the smallest and largest gap of an assembly of up to five parts, by worst-case arithmetic and by the statistical root-sum-square method.
- MechanicsHydraulic Motor Torque CalculatorTorque, shaft speed and power of a hydraulic motor from pressure, displacement and flow.
- MechanicsPlanetary Gear Ratio CalculatorThe three ratios an epicyclic set can give depending on which member is held, and the planet tooth count.
- MechanicsBeam Natural Frequency CalculatorFirst and second natural frequencies of a simply supported beam, with the static deflection and the deflection-based estimate.
- MechanicsFlywheel Energy CalculatorStored energy, moment of inertia and rim speed of a solid disc flywheel.
- MechanicsLead Screw Torque CalculatorTorque to raise and to lower a load on a power screw, with the efficiency and the drive power.
- MechanicsOrifice Plate Flow CalculatorFlow rate through an orifice plate from the differential pressure, with the beta ratio and velocities.
- MechanicsFatigue Life Calculator (Basquin)Cycles and running hours to fatigue failure at a stress amplitude, with the stress giving a million cycles.
- MechanicsMachining Time CalculatorCutting time for a turning pass, with spindle speed, feed rate in mm/min and material removal rate.
- MechanicsMean Piston Speed CalculatorAverage piston speed at a given engine speed, and the rpm that reaches 20 m/s.
- MechanicsBolt Circle (PCD) CalculatorDistance between neighbouring holes and the X–Y coordinates of the holes on a pitch circle — flanges, wheel hubs, rotary tables — drawn to scale.
- MechanicsCapstan Equation Calculator (Rope Friction Round a Post)How much load a small hold force can restrain when a rope is wrapped round a post, bollard or drum, how much force a given load needs, and how many turns it takes.
- MechanicsMetric Thread Dimensions Calculator (M10×1.5, Tensile Stress Area)Pitch diameter, minor diameters, thread depth and tensile stress area of any ISO metric thread, plus the axial load at a stress you choose.
- MechanicsMilling Material Removal Rate and Spindle Power CalculatorCubic centimetres of metal removed per minute by a milling cut, the power at the cutting edge, and the power the spindle motor needs, from the cut sizes, the feed and the specific cutting force.
- MechanicsPump Power CalculatorShaft power a pump needs for a given flow, head and efficiency.
- MechanicsShaft Diameter from Power and Speed Calculator (Torsion, Solid and Hollow)The smallest solid shaft that carries a given power at a given speed without exceeding the allowable shear stress, and the hollow shaft that does the same job lighter.
- MechanicsSlider-Crank Calculator (Piston Position, Velocity and Acceleration)Piston travel, velocity and acceleration at any crank angle of an engine, compressor or pump, with mean piston speed and the peak acceleration at top dead centre.
- MechanicsTaper Calculator (Angle, Ratio, Taper per Foot, Tailstock Offset)Half angle for the compound slide, included angle, 1 : n ratio, taper per foot and tailstock offset for a taper turned between a large and a small diameter.
- MechanicsVibration Isolation Transmissibility Calculator (Machine on Rubber Mounts)Natural frequency, static deflection and the share of the vibration force that reaches the floor for a machine on springs or rubber mounts, with the transmissibility curve against speed.
- MechanicsWorm Gear Efficiency and Self-Locking CalculatorEfficiency, reverse efficiency, self-locking, output torque and speed, centre distance and heat loss of a worm and wheel from the starts, teeth, module, worm diameter and friction.
- MechanicsBall-End Mill Scallop (Cusp) Height CalculatorHeight of the ridges a ball-nose cutter leaves between passes on a 3D surface, and the largest stepover that keeps them under the finish you want.
- MechanicsRoller Chain Length Calculator (Number of Links)Number of links for a roller chain between two sprockets from the teeth, the centre distance and the pitch, rounded up to an even number, with the centre distance you really get.
- MechanicsRadial Chip Thinning Calculator (Feed Compensation for Light Radial Cuts)The real chip thickness when the radial depth of cut is less than half the cutter diameter, and the higher feed per tooth to program so the tooth still cuts the chip you intended.
- MechanicsConveyor Belt Capacity Calculator (Tonnes per Hour)Tonnes per hour carried by a belt conveyor from the belt speed, the cross-section of material on the belt and its bulk density, with the load on each metre of belt.
- MechanicsDamped Oscillator Calculator (Mass–Spring–Damper)Damping ratio, natural and damped frequency and the position at any moment of a mass on a spring with a damper, with the motion drawn over time.
- MechanicsDisc Clutch Torque Capacity Calculator (Uniform Wear and Uniform Pressure)The torque a plate clutch or disc brake can transmit from its friction coefficient, clamping force and lining diameters, for a worn-in and a new lining, with the power and pressures involved.
- MechanicsPascal Press Calculator (Hydraulic Jack Force Multiplication)Force on the large piston of a hydraulic press or jack from the force on the small piston and the two piston diameters, with the fluid pressure and the stroke.
- MechanicsPress Fit (Interference Fit) CalculatorContact pressure, pressing force, slipping torque and hub stress for a shaft pressed into a hub with a given diametral interference — Lamé thick-cylinder theory.
- MechanicsRotor Balance Grade Calculator (ISO 1940 / ISO 21940: Permissible Unbalance)The residual unbalance a rotor may keep for a chosen balance quality grade G, at its operating speed and mass — in g·mm, per plane, as an eccentricity, and as the force on the bearings.
- MechanicsSine Bar Calculator (Gauge Block Stack for an Angle)The gauge block stack that tilts a sine bar to a wanted angle, the angle a given stack produces, and how much a small error in the stack throws the angle off.
- MechanicsSpring Combination Calculator (Series and Parallel)Combined stiffness of two or three springs in parallel and in series, and the deflection each arrangement gives under a load.
- MechanicsThermal Stress Calculator (Restrained Bar)Stress and force in a bar that cannot expand or contract when its temperature changes, from the material's modulus, expansion coefficient and the temperature change.
- MechanicsThick-Walled Cylinder Stress Calculator (Lamé Equations)Hoop, radial and axial stress in a thick tube, pressure vessel or gun barrel under internal and external pressure, with the stress through the wall drawn as a chart.
- MechanicsThin-Wall Pressure Vessel Stress Calculator (Cylinder and Sphere)Hoop and longitudinal stress in a thin-walled cylinder or sphere under internal pressure, the wall thickness needed for an allowable stress, and the highest pressure a given wall can take.
- MechanicsTorque Wrench Extension Calculator (Setting with an Extension or Crow's Foot)Setting to dial on a torque wrench so the bolt gets the torque you want when an extension is fitted in line with the wrench.
- MechanicsPipe Pressure Rating Calculator (Barlow)Working or burst pressure of a pipe from outside diameter, wall thickness and allowable stress.
- MechanicsBolt Shear Capacity CalculatorDesign shear and tension capacity of a bolt from its stress area, grade and the number of shear planes.
- MechanicsPress Brake Tonnage CalculatorBending force in kN and tonnes for air bending, plus minimum flange and the natural inside radius for the die.
- MechanicsPunching Force Calculator (Sheet Metal)Force a press needs to punch round holes in sheet metal, from the hole diameter, sheet thickness and the material's shear strength.
- MechanicsTurning Surface Roughness CalculatorTheoretical Ra and Rz from feed and tool nose radius, and the feed needed to hit a target roughness.
- MechanicsThree-Wire Thread Measurement Calculator (Pitch Diameter)The measurement you should read over three wires for a thread of known pitch diameter, the best wire size, and the pitch diameter from a measurement you took.